Mommy, My Ear Hurts: Effects of Ear Infections, Antibiotics in Children with Autism

Background: Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social interactions, communication skills, and the presence of restrictive and repetitive behaviors. In the search for biological markers for this behaviorally defined disorder, it has been suggested that recurrent Otitis Media or ear infection, (an inflammation of the tympanic membrane treated with antibiotics) may signal a predisposition.

Objectives: The current study is being implemented to explore the previous findings of the possibility of ear infections and antibiotic usage as a potential indicator for autism.

Methods: Archival data consisting of pediatric medical records and scores from the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule from patients assessed for an autism diagnosis were analyzed.

Results: : Pearson Chi Square test shall be conducted upon the categorical variables of ear infections (yes vs. no), antibiotic use (0-2 prescriptions vs. more than 2 prescriptions), and group membership (ASD vs. DD). We predict that ear infections and higher antibiotic usage will be more prevalent in those with autism than those with developmental delays. Additionally, a one-way analysis of variance shall be run to determine the categorical variables between ear infections or antibiotic use, and the continuous variable of symptom severity. We hypothesize that high degree of symptom severity will be found in those with ear infections and high antibiotic usage. Conclusions: Previous research has only compared typically developing children against those with autism in examining the relationship between autism and ear infections. With the present study, we hope to find that a significant difference exists between those with autism and those with developmental delays. Furthermore, in undertaking to clarify the relationship between the ear infections and autism, we hope to find an earlier identification date for those with autism.