Children in the United States from racial/ethnic minority groups and low-income families experience persistent disparities in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis and services. Compared to middle class White children, they are more likely to experience delays in diagnosis, less likely to be diagnosed at all, and are less likely to receive timely, high quality healthcare services. Research has made clear the existence of these disparities, but little is understood about their causes. Using diverse methodologies, this panel presents research on barriers that parents from racial/ethnic minority groups, and/or low income parents, face in obtaining an ASD diagnosis and services for their children in the United States. Barriers include both parent and provider factors, including parent knowledge about and experience with ASD; implicit provider biases in primary care screening/referrals; and parent access to information about safe and effective ASD treatments. These findings have implications for reducing disparities through targeted parent and provider education programs.